The 4 most common cancer cells in human

You are studying for a medical university scholarship Malaysia medical students are fond of? Here are the 4 most common cancer cells in the human body that you might have heard about.

Carcinoma

This group of cancer cells begin in the skin or tissues that form the line or cover of the internal organs with many subtypes like adenocarcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma. Examples of these epithelial tissues for Carcinomas cancer cells to grow from are:

The cover of the outside of the human body: skin
The cover layers or ones that line all the organs inside the body like the organs of the digestive system.
The one that lines the body cavities like the internal chest cavity and the abdominal cavity.
This is the most common type of cancer with a variety of epithelial cells that could develop into different types of carcinoma like

Squamous cell carcinoma: starts in the squamous cells that have a flat surface covering most cells found on the skin, throat lining or food/air pipe.

Adenocarcinoma: is one that begins from glandular cells like adenomatous cells. These glandular cells are responsible for producing fluid to maintain tissues moist.

Transitional cell carcinoma: these are the cells that stretch when the organ expands which make up tissues like transitional epithelium. An example of this kind is cells lining the bladder.

Basal cell carcinoma: is the deepest lining layer of the skin cells.

Sarcoma

Sarcoma is cancer cells that begin from supportive organs like bones, cartilage, fat, muscle, and blood vessels. They are less common than carcinomas and differentiate into two types:

Bone sarcomas: are cancer cells that start from the bone tissues

Soft tissue sarcomas: this kind of sarcomas are unusual but the most common one could start in cartilage or muscle

Cartilage: cancer cells of the cartilage named chondrosarcoma
Muscle: cancer begins from the muscle cells, they are called rhabdomyosarcoma or leiomyosarcoma.

Leukaemia

This kind of cancer stems from the white blood cells as it begins from blood cell producers like the bone marrow tissues. Causing defects in the white blood cells to malfunction, these defective cells will then build up in the system and cause damage.

Lymphomas and Myeloma

These are cancer cells growing from the lymphatic systems consisting of tubes, and glands in the body that serves as the body’s fluid filters to fight against infections.

Lymphomas: start from the lymph glands or the lymphatic system, which could be anywhere in the body as the system will run across the human body. The reason for this kind of cancer to grow is because of the abnormality of the division of the lymphatic system’s white blood cells. Most of the defective cells start dividing before they are fully mature, resulting in their lack the ability to fight infections

Myeloma: stems from the plasma cells, which is a type of blood cell made by the bone marrow tissues that produce antibodies like immunoglobulins to fight against infections. Causing the antibodies to malfunction.